Ramon
Llull
Ivan
Moragues Gasó
1ºBatxiller
Social
1.Who
was Ramon Llull?
Ramon
Llull was a remarkable writer, philosopher, mystic, theologian,
teacher and missionary from Mallorca thirteenth century. His written
work is the largest medieval produced by a single author, wrote in
the Catalan, Occitan, Latin and Arabic.
Ramon
Llull was a worldly courtesan life suffered a religious
transformation thirty years, after which he devoted his life to
Christian proselytism, especially among Jews and Muslims, and to
incorporate the political and religious powers in a Christian
missionary plan aimed the conversion of the infidels. The
dissemination of his thought is carried through writing and teaching.
Lull created a philosophical system termed the Art, which integrated
into a coherent whole religion, philosophy, science, morality and
social order, based on a system of checks and communicable mechanical
understandable that they demonstrate superiority of Christianity and
facilitate the conversion of practitioners of other religions.
Currently they are 240
works of Ramon Llull, among which, a literary, can be highlighted
el Llibre
de contemplació en Déu,Llibre
de l'orde de cavalleria, Romanç
d'Evast e Blaquerna, Llibre
de santa Maria, Llibre
de meravelles, Desconhort, Arbre
de ciència,Arbre
de filosofia d'amor , Cant
de Ramon
o El
llibre de les Bèsties.
2.The
conversion and training stage .
In July
1263 the medieval biographer Lull gives beginning to the story of the
radical transformation in their lives , but these ecstatic visions of
the crucified Christ were to be repeated four times to cause a deep
impression Ramon led to commit to fulfill three votes : convert
Muslims write the best book in the world against the errors of the
infidels , and convince the Pope and the kings to found monasteries
in order to teach languages the missionaries .
However,
it starts these purposes until a few months later he heard a sermon
the Bishop of Mallorca on St. Francis of Assisi , who inspired him to
follow the model , and how this , sold the properties and assets ,
leaving part of it to his wife and children , who left to start his
first trip .
This
time it was formed in the libraries of the Royal Monastery and
Convent of Santo Domingo studying Latin, philosophy , theology and
law , and science , especially medicine , which suggests that time
spent in Montpellier . He also studied Arabic ; so he bought a slave
learned to teach the language.
At the
end of the training period, Lully wrote his first two Arabic works
translated into Latin and Catalan soon, "Compendium of logic
Algatzell" and the formidable content and extent "Book of
Contemplation in God.
3.Obres.
Ramon
Llull wrote 265 books, not to mention the works of pseudo-Ramon
Llull, including subjects as diverse as philosophy (Ars Magna),
science (Tree Science, Astronomy Treaty), education (Blanqucrna,
including the Book Lover and the Beloved), mysticism (Book of
Contemplation), grammar (new Rhetoric), cavalry (Book of the Order of
Chivalry), novels (Felix or the Book of Wonders, which includes the
Book of beasts) or poetry (Song of the Ramon Desconhort), among many
other topics, which he, in an unusual gesture at the time, translated
into Arabic and Latin.
Top
3.1.Obres.
Book of Contemplation in God.
.Book Lover and the Beloved (part of Blanqucrna). Text allegorical and mystical relationship that develops between friends.
. Tree of Love
. Book of Beasts (part of Felix), which criticizes human customs through a fable.
4.Ramon
Llull lighting Randa.
After
the death of the slave, Ramon Llull pulled Puig de Randa (Mallorca),
which was given to meditation and contemplation; a week later he
received the "enlightenment" that he always believed that
he was of divine origin, which reveal the content of a book and
method that would allow him to argue against the errors of
unbelievers. Then he came down from the mount and installed himself
in the • Real, where he wrote the "Art abbreviated he found
the truth."
This
episode, and works derived therefrom, will be the foundation on which
to develop the rest of Llull's thought, art, which he thought had
been fitted with exact mechanisms that made possible the conversion
of the infidels. Hence also derived the name "Doctor
Illuminatus" which would be known.
Finished
the book again Randa, where he lived as a hermit in a cave for a
period of four months.
Ramon
Llull spent nearly three years in Miramar, dedicated to teaching 12
monks and wrote some of his works.
One
purpose Llull was launched in missionary schools. • asked for to
James II of Mallorca FUNDÃO a school of this kind. We found land in
Miramar, faced dramatic sea on rocks in the magnificent north coast
of Mallorca between Deia and Valldemossa and 17 October 1276 the
project received confirmation with a bull of Pope John XXI (the
Petrus hispanus the logical Summulae) because 'thirteen monks were
installed • Minor installed there to learn Arabic in order to
convert the unbelievers.
A papal
document confirms the foundation of the convent by James II in 1276
and specifies its purpose: religious instruction in the Arabic
language so that they can act as missionaries in the lands of Islam.
We know from later documents of Alfonso III and James II of Aragon
that these foreign kings, having taken possession of Majorca in 1285,
remained protected Miramar although not referring to missionary order
that emphasized both James II as Llull. In his Grief (Desconort)
(1295), Llull laments the end of Miramar; fact is confirmed by a
document of 1301, which then informs the convent no longer exists.
In the book Blanqucrna, dated to 1283 Miramar Ramon Llull explicitly
mentioned these verses:
Remembrant han frares menors
lo Salvador, qui volc vestir
ab si lo sant religiós,
e han fait Miramar bastir
al rei de Mallorca amorós.
lo Salvador, qui volc vestir
ab si lo sant religiós,
e han fait Miramar bastir
al rei de Mallorca amorós.
Lo monestir de Miramar
fiu a frares menors donar
per sarraïns a preïcar.
Entre la vinya e el fenollar
amor me pres, fé’m Déus amar
e entre sospirs e plors estar.
fiu a frares menors donar
per sarraïns a preïcar.
Entre la vinya e el fenollar
amor me pres, fé’m Déus amar
e entre sospirs e plors estar.
Des dels
miradors naturals de Miramar, Llull va poder extasiar-se amb la
contemplació de la natura i expressar-se amb aquests versos
paisatgístics, inclosos a la composició
Hores de Nostra Dona:
Quan veig la terra e la mar,
e lo cel e oig aucells cantar,
adoncs sent al cor tal dolçor
que anc no la sentí major
e lo cel e oig aucells cantar,
adoncs sent al cor tal dolçor
que anc no la sentí major
Over
the years Llull lived in Miramar , certainly his powerful spirit
became familiar with those places radiant beauty. In Miramar , Ramon
Llull , according to Gaston Vuillier " penetrates embraces all
splendors of nature, explores its mysteries from the fire until the
morning sun beats nebulae at infinity . Gravity worlds frightening ,
the ebb and flow of living rays and shadows of the human soul is
intermingled in his meditations , shadows and lights sublime
landscape that surrounds it. at dawn , recreates the spectacle of
undulating waves , the floating clouds , the mountains dressed in
pink makes a sudden magic came from nothing . "
Lorenzo
Riber Miramar identifies with the work of Ramon • liana "
Miramar is the shadow that spans pages Blanqucrna . The beautiful
fountains that each step is the pilgrim with a meditative hermit
fresco are the here . Miramar Oh ! Ramon Llull loved you and miss you
closely from afar . "
A few
centuries later, Miramar was the property of the Archduke preferred
to live in it and built a network of paths and viewpoints .
